Family reunification in Spain
When it comes to reuniting your family in Spain, the application for family reunification becomes the most important legal instrument. Whether you’re planning to bring your spouse, children, or parents, understanding every requirement, procedure, and detail is crucial to making the process as quick and secure as possible. In this practical guide, we explain everything you need to know, with clear examples and expert advice to help you avoid common mistakes and increase your chances of success.
What is the family reunification procedure in Spain?
Family reunification in Spain is a legal permit that allows relatives of a Spanish resident or citizen, or of an EU citizen, to live legally in the country. Its main objective is to guarantee family unity, allowing people with close family ties to live together, access basic services, and work legally.
There are two main categories:
- Family members of non-EU citizens: Those who have residence in Spain, but are not EU citizens.
- Family members of EU citizens: Applies to spouses, children or dependents of a European citizen who resides or works in Spain.
Types of family reunification
For family members of non-EU citizens
If you hold a residence permit in Spain (temporary or permanent), you can apply for family reunification:
- Spouse or registered domestic partner
- Children under 18 years of age or financially dependent
- Dependent parents
For family members of EU citizens
European citizens have an EU citizen family member card, which simplifies the process and allows for greater flexibility:
- Spouse or common-law partner
- Children (minors or financially dependent)
- Other dependent family members under special circumstances
General requirements for applying
Required documentation
- Valid passport of the family member applying
- Birth and marriage certificates (if applicable)
- Document proving the family relationship
- Official application form
Verification of financial means
Applicants in Spain must demonstrate sufficient income to support their family, either through payroll, employment contract, or savings. Minimum income requirements depend on family size and the autonomous community of residence.
Health insurance
Health insurance must cover illnesses and accidents. It can be public or private.
Financial requirements and accommodation
For the application to be approved, it must be guaranteed that the family will have an adequate standard of living.
Minimum income
They depend on the number of family members. For example, for a family of three, approximately 200% of the IPREM (Public Indicator of Income for Multiple Effects) is usually required.
Accommodation certificate
It could be a rental agreement or property deed
Requirements for specific family members
Spouse or registered partner
- You must present a marriage certificate or a legally recognized civil partnership registration.
- Verification of the actual relationship (photos, shared accounts, correspondence).
Minor children
- Birth certificate
- Proof of economic dependency if they are over 18 years old and still studying or not working.
Other dependent family members
- Parents or grandparents who are financially dependent
- Brother/sister in exceptional cases
Duration and renewal of family reunification
Initial validity
Generally 5 years. But it will depend on the type of residence the family member previously held.
Renewal
It is requested before the expiry date by presenting proof of income, valid health insurance and continuous residence in Spain.
Costs associated with family reunification
Consular fees
Approximately €60–80 per application.
Additional expenses
Sworn translation, legalization of documents, health insurance.
FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions about Family Reunification
It depends on the type of family member and consulate, but it usually takes between 1 and 3 months.
Yes, the visa allows you to work legally in Spain during its validity period.
An administrative appeal may be filed within one month of notification.
Only family members of EU citizens can start the process within the country.
Yes, if they are financially dependent or are continuing their studies.
Private or public insurance that covers illnesses and accidents in Spain.
Obtaining family reunification in Spain is a fundamental step towards living legally with your family and accessing rights such as education, healthcare, and employment. However, each case is unique, and errors in the documentation or procedure can delay or even prevent approval.
If you want to maximize your chances of success and save time, contact our expert immigration lawyers. They will guide you step by step, review your documents, and help you manage your application professionally and securely.